Improvement in cooking-stoves



J. R. HYDE.

Cooking Stove.

Patented Sapt. 2.9., 1863,.

Witnesses Inven/ivr':

N. PEIERS. Phanrulho vi mr. Washin ton. oc.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES R. HYDE, OF TROY, NEWV YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN COOKING-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 40,104, dated September 29, 1863.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES R. HYDE, of the city cf Troy, in the county of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooking-Stoves, of which invention the following embraces a full and exact description, reference being had to the annexed drawings, in which- Figure l is a perspective View of a cookingstove embodying my invention, some parts of the stove being broken away; and Fig. 2, a top view of the same stove, aportion of the top plate being broken off, and another part of the stove being removed and shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same stove at or about the lines 2 zzz in Fig. 2; and Fig. 5,a transverse sectional elevation thereof, taken at or about the lines 3/ y y 3 in Fig. 4, and viewed from the rear.

The same letters refer to like parts in all the figures, and the arrows therein indicate the courses of the currents of atmospheric air and of the gases of combustion through the stove.

In the annexed drawings, A is an oblong fire-chamber having a grate, b, in its bottom, and under that an air-chamber, G, communieating with the open air by an opening, w, provided with a damper, 'v, to regulate the ad- 4 mission ofrair up through the grate b, to support the combustion of fuel thereon.

Alongside of the oblong fire-chamber A is an oblong metallic air-cha1nber,D D,which communicates with the open air, and also by apertures c with the upper part of the firechamber, so as to supply jets of heated air to and thereby promote the combustion of the ignited gases and sooty matters rising from burning fuel in the fire-chamber. The firefiue F extends from the firechamber A first aong over and across the top of the said hot, a r chamber D D, and under the top plate, G, of the stove, in which top plate are pot-holes h h, Figs. 4 and 5, furnished with loose covers, just over the said fire-chamber.

N ow, in a cookingstove having all the features above specified I make the metallic top of thehot-air chamberD D in pieces it, Figs. 3 and 5, separate from each other and from the other parts of the stove, with one piece, 1', lapping over the other one, i, at the place j, Fig. 5, where they meet, and fasten them on the chamber D 1) by clamps h k, the whole being constructed and arranged so that the parts i and z" will expand and contract freely and independently of eachother, and of all other parts of the stove, and will consequently be little liable to get cracked or warped out of shape or place under the sharp draft and strong heat of the fire in turning from the fire-chamber A into the fire-flue F, or under the many repeated irregular beatings and coolings to which they are subject according to the variableness of the fire in the chamber A, and so that in cleaning the air-chamberD D of the ashes which will get into it through the apertures e from the fire-chamber A, or in changing an old or burned out cover on the chamber D D for a new one, the clamps h 70 can be conveniently reached, and loosened and tightened on the plates i 2", and the latter readily removed from and resecured upon the air-chamber D D through the pot-holes h h, over the fire-chamber, without loosening or removing any other part or parts of the stove.

Another part of my invention consists of a cooking-stove having the following construc tion, viz: Across the front part of the stove is an oblong fire-chamber, A, with a grate, b, draft-chamber O, inlet air-passage w, and damper o, as hereinbefore described. An oven, L, is arranged across the stove in rear of the fire-chamber A, and extended along between the said fire-chamber and oven is an oblong air-space, which is divided at or near its middle into two entirely distinct chambers, D and D, Fig. 2 and 5, by a transverse partition, 0. Each of the sub airchambers D D, Figs. 2 and 5, has communication with the open air, entirely independent of the draft-chamber O, by a separate passage, m or m, each provided with a separate damper, n or a. Each sub air-chamber D also has direct communication by apertures e 0 with the upper part of that end half only of the fire-chamber which is directly opposite to and against the sub airchamber. A fire-fiue, F, extends fromthe top of the fire-chamber A first over the two air-chambers D and D and oven L, and simultaneously under a top cooking-plate, G, having pot-holes, of which two, h and h Figs. 4, 2, and 5, are arranged over and opposite to one of the sub air'chambers D D, and the adjacent end half of the fire-chamber and oven, while the other two pot-holes, h and h are located over and opposite to the other sub air-chamber and the end half of the oven and fire-chamber against that air-chamber.

I thus construct a cooking-stove with the two separate sub air-chambers D D, Figs. 2 and 5, in order that stronger heat may be thereby given to the oven and pot-holes from the combustion of fuel in the oblong firechamher than could be done if the two chambers D D were one continuous air-space; for, to secure the strongest heat, there should be just enough air admitted directly against the combustible gases and sooty matters, as they rise from the ignited fuel and enter the flame-flue F, to complete their combustion, and no more, because all excess of air admitted into the fire-chamber above the fuel, without increasing the combustion of the gases and sooty matters, lessens the intensity of the heat along the pot-holes and men; and it often happens, in burning anthracite and bituminous coal in the oblong fire-box, that vastly more combustible gases and sooty matters will be given off by and will rise up and enter the fire-flue from the burning coal in one end half of the fire-chamber than the other, so as to require for their complete combustion between the pot-holes and oven the admission of a proportionately greater quantity of air into the rear side of the upper part of one end half of the fire-chamber than into the like part of the other end half thereof. It is also a common practice, in using cooking-stoves which have oblong fire-chambers, when only a part of the oven or part of the pot-holes are to be used, to then have a fire in only one end half of the fire-chamber, the other end half thereof being filled with dead coal and ashes, so as to require the air to be entirely shut off from over the dead coal and ashes in one half of the fire-chamber, and at the same time freely admitted over the burning coal in the other half thereof. These requirements could not be fulfilled if the two chambers D D formed a continuous air-space, for then the air would enter the whole length of the rear side of the fire-chamber, if at all; but with the two separate sub air-chambers D D by having the inlet-damper n of one of them closed and the damper n of the other one open, as shown in Fig. 5, the air will then be admitted into the upper part of the rear side of the fire-chamber only along that end half which is directly opposite to and against that one of the two sub air-chambers which then has its inlet-damper open, and any suitable greater quantity of air can be admitted into the rear side of the upper part of one end half of the fire-chamber than into the like part of the other end half thereof by placing the dampers n and n of the chambers D D so that one will let in more air than the other, all without interfering with the adjustable draft through the chamber 0.

In order to increase the baking capacity of the oven L without destroying its compact form, I extend it laterally beyond the firechamber A, and at the same time secure suitable heat to all parts of the front side of the oven by having merely a layer of fire-brick, 1, between the front oven-plate, q, and the coal m in the fire-chamber, and having airchambers S S immediately outside of metallic end plates, t t, in the fire-chamber, and against those parts of the front-oven plate, g, which are beyond the fire-chamber and extended, as at D D, along the front side of that part of the front oven-plate which is above the place for the coal in the fire-chamber, the said air-chambers S S being either closed or provided with apertures leading from the open air and into the fire-chamber; but this particular construction is in no wise essential to the other parts of my invention herein specified.

What I claim as new and of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a cooking-stove having an oblong firechamber, A, with pot-holes h h over it, and a live-air chamber, D D, alongside, with apertures 0 between, and a fire-flue, I extended from the said fire-chamber first over the said air-chamber, as herein described, the removable air-chamber cover *5 i constructed in separate parts and secured to the said air-chamher by clamps 7c 70, as and for the purposes herein set forth.

2. A cooking-stove having two separate sub air chambers, D D, arranged between an oven, L, and a fire-chamber, A, and communicatin g with the latter by apertures c c and with the open air by passages m m, separate from each other and from the main draft-chamber O, and provided with independent dampers n a, when a fire-flue, F, is extended from the said fire-chamber along the said oven and un der pot-holes h h k 70 in a top plate, Gr, substantially as herein described.

JAMES It. HYDE.

Witnesses:

JAtrEs FRICOT, H. E. PAINE. 

